Legal Aspects of Gender Migration (Ukrainian Perspective)

  • Abstract:

    Among a great number of challenges the EU faces is a weakly controlled and legally regulated migration process that certainly requires a serious consideration and legal changes. One of the aspects of this process that hasn’t practically been the subject of serious studies is gender migration in general and its specific peculiarities in each country (the country of migrants’ origin and the country-recipient) in particular. It may be partially explained by a weak level of awareness of the problem since until the mid -1980s; migration was regarded as a male phenomenon. The phrase “migrants and their families” was a code for “male migrants and their wives and children”. Research in the 1970s and the 1980s began to include women, but did not cause a dramatic shift in thinking. One of the central questions about women during this period was whether migration “modernized” women, emancipating them from their assumed traditional values and behaviors. Ukraine’s strategic goal is to join the EU and it makes this country be more active and persistent in ensuring equal rights and opportunities for men and women. However, these efforts have been very declarative so far and there are no substantially developed legal grounds but a few recently adopted laws. But labor migration from Ukraine to the EU has been rather active since the collapse of the USSR and if not legally regulated it may cause a number of serious social and economic problems both in Ukraine and in the EU. The purpose of the article is to identify the main reasons leading to labour migration from Ukraine, to scrutinize the gender peculiarities of Ukrainian labour migration and its legal aspects both in Ukraine and in the EU where most of the Ukrainian migrants settle.